<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd"> <ArticleSet> <Article> <Journal> <PublisherName>journal-jmsr</PublisherName> <JournalTitle>Journal of Medical and Surgical Research</JournalTitle> <PISSN>I</PISSN> <EISSN>S</EISSN> <Volume-Issue>Vol. V, n 1</Volume-Issue> <PartNumber/> <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic> <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage> <Season>June 2018</Season> <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue> <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue> <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA> <PubDate> <Year>-0001</Year> <Month>11</Month> <Day>30</Day> </PubDate> <ArticleType>JMSR Pathogens</ArticleType> <ArticleTitle>Antiviral Immune Responses: an Oerview</ArticleTitle> <SubTitle/> <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage> <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA> <FirstPage>520</FirstPage> <LastPage>527</LastPage> <AuthorList> <Author> <FirstName>Assiya El</FirstName> <LastName>Kettani</LastName> <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage> <Affiliation/> <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor> <ORCID/> <FirstName>Leila</FirstName> <LastName>Jeddane</LastName> <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage> <Affiliation/> <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor> <ORCID/> <FirstName>Naima</FirstName> <LastName>Amenzoui</LastName> <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage> <Affiliation/> <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor> <ORCID/> <FirstName>Ahmed Aziz</FirstName> <LastName>Bousfiha</LastName> <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage> <Affiliation/> <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor> <ORCID/> </Author> </AuthorList> <DOI/> <Abstract>An effective immune response against viral infections depends on the activation of innate immunity, Tcell immunity and humoral immunity. But in some cases, infections persist and natural host immunity becomes insufficient. This work summarizes the most relevant findings on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathway of antiviral immunity responses and describes the specific mechanisms implicated in the case of some viruses causing a persistent infection: HSV-1 and HPV. Then we__ampersandsign#39;ll give examples of these persistent infections with their physiopathogenesis. The findings in molecular mechanisms of antiviral immunity may be exploited to develop new therapeutic modalities for treating persistent virus infections.</Abstract> <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage> <Keywords>Immune response, Persistent infections, Signaling pathways, Viral infections</Keywords> <URLs> <Abstract>https://journal-jmsr.net/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=5652&title=Antiviral Immune Responses: an Oerview</Abstract> </URLs> <References> <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle> <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage> <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage> <References>Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM. Fields virology. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams and; Wilkins; 2007. Moerman-Herzog A, Nakagawa M. Early Defensive Mechanisms against Human Papillomavirus Infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol CVI. aoand;ucirc;t 2015;22(8):850?7. Takeuchi O, Akira S. Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation. 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